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In addition, we are fortunate to have a rich body of research literature and sound theoretical models from which to develop, implement, and evaluate juvenile correctional programs within confinement facilities.
The use of the modern confinement facility grew out of past strategies such as treating juveniles as adults and using Houses of Refuge and reformatories.
Practitioners in juvenile confinement facilities can learn much about which strategies work better than others, why, and what challenges lie before them through an examination of history, research, and theory.
The failure of juvenile confinement facilities to stem the public's fear of juvenile crime and to show robust results in rehabilitating youthful offenders led to an increase in presumptive, definite, and mandatory sentences and guidelines, as well as lowering the age of adult jurisdiction (Cavender, 1982).
A confinement facility can choose from a variety of research-based programs and models to enhance and support the family.6
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